Підручник Англійська мова 9 клас (9-й рік навчання) - О. C. Любченко - Основа 2017 рік

APPENDIX

Scripts

Starting up

Lesson 3

Ex. 2

Ed: Hi there! Why weren’t you on Skype yesterday?

Polina: Hello! I had too much work to do. You know, school started just a few days ago, and I feel like it never ended!

Ed. So do I. Tough, isn’t it?

Polina: Yeah… Why do you look so worried?

Ed: Er, it’s not that I’m worried or something, it’s that on Friday we got an assignment - to write an essay about our summer, and I just don’t think my summer was anything pleasant or special…

Polina: Why so? Didn’t you have a good time?

Ed: You see,… actually,… no.

Polina: How come?

Ed: Well… you know, Jason and I normally spent our summers together - went somewhere, played sports and music, sometimes just goofed around, you know. And last year he went to that language camp, and after he’d left I felt so lonely and unhappy! And this summer he decided to take up a summer job to earn some money before going to Ukraine, and so did I, so we hardly ever saw each other… Gosh, it was just horrible! And now he’s gone and the only positive memory is that I met you on that youth environment forum. At least - there was a person who shared my ideas, and that was really good! By the way, are you going to take part in that online conference on environment issues?…

Polina: Well, well, I thought somebody had got a home essay to write…

Ed: Phew! Who cares about those stupid assignments? I’ll sure write something… {fade)

Unit 1

Lesson 3

Ex. 4

Jim. Where have skinheads, emos and Goths gone? What are workout street groups? Why have youth subcultures left streets and moved to the Internet?

With you tonight on OCR Radio Talk is Jim Clayton and we are going to discuss these and some other topics with our guest Dr. Epstein from the University of Wisconsin.

Hello, Dr. Epstein.

Epstein. Hello, Jim.

Jim. Youth subcultures normally unite young people. Of what ages?

Epstein. Normally, it’s somewhere from 14 to 20. However, today’s kids grow up faster, so it went as down as 11-12 years of age. By the age of 18-20 kids generally find something more traditional to do - enter a university or find a job, create their own families - that leaves no way for shaving their heads bald or dying their hair pink.

Jim. Can we say youth subcultures are always against someone?

Epstein. Not at all, I’d rather say they are just for themselves. It’s better to talk not about hostility but about certain opposition to society.

Jim. Are there any specific youth subcultures nowadays?

Epstein. It was about 10 years ago that youth subcultures could be easily recognized. Today they all are integrated into mass culture. The most obvious example is the hippie culture, which once was extremely popular. They all are gone now but a lot of their attributes are still kept in fashion and everyday life. That does not give us a right to talk about hippies or the hippie culture. The same is true about today’s Goths, emos, skinheads or punks.

Jim. What are the most common youth subcultures in the world?

Epstein. Music fans, of course. Though, we can’t place them on a definite music board as modern music is a mixture of styles. Say, a teenager may call himself a ’punk’ though they don’t dress like punks, look like punks, behave like punks and so on. What’s most amusing - the music you can find on their playlists on social networks may not be punk music at all.

Jim. Are youth subcultures fading away as they are? fade

Lesson 4

Ex. 2

fade in

Jim. Are youth subcultures fading away as they are?

Dr. Espstein. Apparently, yes. It’s the result of the global changes - the world has sunk in the Internet and so have the young. In the past, the young mainly interacted in the streets, and now they are all on the Web, and they may have a lot of friends on Twitter or Facebook and at the same time have no idea those people live just next door. They all are inside cyberspace and their friendships and cultures are just virtual - they don’t exist in reality.

Jim. A lot of our audience is asking about skinheads…

Dr. Espstein. Forget about skinheads, at least as a subculture. They disappeared somewhere in 2008. Of course, you may find people calling themselves ’skinheads’ but they are definitely not. Just hooligans and nothing more - no skinhead ideology, no skinhead clothes - just shaved skulls and aggression, and that’s it.

Jim. And what subculture do you personally find most interesting?

Dr. Espstein. Personally? Hm, a nice question. Well, I wouldn’t say they are my favorites but they definitely catch attention. Those are workout street groups. They came from African American youngsters who started practicing fitness just in the streets using no special equipment but trees, fences and buildings. It looks very attractive but requires a lot of good training and skills.

Jim. Sounds positive, yeah?

Dr. Espstein. Definitely yes. There also are skaters, rollers and bikers who promote healthy way of life, and I think it’s really great!

There of course are reenactment groups but I personally don’t like those huge costume shows, though I must admit they really look just magnificent.

Jim. And what about football fans?

Dr. Espstein. You mean fans or hooligans? It’s a very long and difficult story. I don’t think we have enough time to talk about that. Maybe, next time. The only thing I can say - we should never mix fans and hooligans, they pursue different goals.

Jim. Thanks, Dr. Epstein.

Dr. Epstein. It was a pleasure.

Unit 2

Lesson 1

Ex. 2

Hobbies differ like tastes. If you have chosen a hobby according to your character and taste, you are lucky because your life becomes more interesting.

Hobbies are divided into four large classes: doing things, making things, collecting things, and learning things.

The most popular of all hobby groups is doing things. It includes a wide variety of activities, everything from gardening to travelling and from chess to volleyball.

Gardening is one of the oldest of man's hobbies. It's a well-known fact that the English are very fond of gardening and growing flowers, especially roses.

Millions of people all over the world spend their holidays travelling, they travel to enjoy picturesque places, or just for a change of scene. It's always interesting to discover new things, different ways of life, to meet different people, to try different food, to listen to different musical rhythms.

Lesson 3,

Ex. 2

Top 10 Hobbies of the World

1: Book Reading is on top. Millions of people are in great love of books and reading as a hobby.

2: Fishing - people do not feel depressed by bad weather or anything else. It not only helps people have good time, but also gives them something tasty to eat.

3: Sewing - people like doing hobbies to get something that can be of use. That is why sewing is among most popular hobbies of the world.

4: Anyone doubting the popularity of music would be none other than a fool. It gives joy and pleasure to those who play and to those who listen to it.

5: This might be a surprise, but bird watching is one of the top hobbies of the world. People seem to be in love with true colours and harmony of nature watching creatures as lovely as birds.

6: Restoring Cars- you need to see joy and satisfaction on the faces of people who stand next to a car they have just restored to understand why this is a top-10 hobby.

7: As said earlier, people like activities that help them produce something, that is why so many people love woodworking, turning ordinary pieces of wood into masterpieces.

8: Don’t be surprised at people with metal detectors in their hands on a sandy beach seemingly collecting nothing but some old coins. Metal Detecting is becoming a popular hobby, and it might bring people a lost treasure in addition to all the coins they get.

9: Collecting - is a favourite hobby of the masses and it is not limited with coins only. There is almost anything that can be covered under this term.

10: Model Building

It might seem strange to you, but a large number of people are fond of making different types of models, such as cars, planes, buildings and so on.

(adapted from NewsBlaster)

Lesson 3,

Ex. 4 (a)

Mooing

There are people great at imitating animal calls but, believe it or not, there is such a thing as mooing competitions in the areas where British people keep cows. This sounds stupid, but you can see a lot of it on YouTube.

Dog Grooming

You know about dog competitions. What you may not know - it is a subculture of grooming poodles to look stupid - like Ninja Turtles, dragons, pandas, or tigers. All real, all part of dog grooming competition shows.

Soap Carving

The practice of bad prison films is an actual hobby. People take bars of soap and carve them into beautiful sculptures.

Tape Art

This is an art of pulling out the cassette tape and using it to create a portrait. This hobby started a few years ago and is becoming common with some very impressive examples.

Hikaru Dorodango

Or, polishing dirt.

It sounds weird, but it’s possible. You make a ball of mud and then you work it by hand, polishing it into a glossy sphere.

Egg carving

Early civilizations decorated eggs as part of their cultures. And today we are impressed that art can be made from an empty eggshell. There are many artists that paint, decorate, and carve eggshells.

Noodling

It is fishing with hands. A noodler usually goes underwater to put a fist down a catfish’s mouth. The catfish catches the fisherman’s hand, and the noodler has to pull the fish out of water onto a shore or into a boat.

Lesson 5

Ex. 4

Watching too much TV puts a child at a risk of developing antisocial and even criminal behaviour.

The study found that children who watched endless hours of TV were more likely to have a criminal future in adulthood.

The study followed a group of 1,000 children.

Every two years between the ages of five and 15, they were asked how much television they watched.

Those who watched the most television were more likely to have a criminal future - and were also more likely to develop anti-social personality traits as grown-ups.

The risk of having a criminal record by late teens increased with every hour that children spent watching TV.

The study also found that watching too much television in childhood was associated with aggressive personality traits and an increased tendency for negative emotions as grown-ups.

Unit 3

Lesson 3,

Ex. 6

Fred: You know, I don’t like noisy companies, talking a lot and stuff like that very much. I’d rather prefer to have everything in its place, and sit and do something quietly, and I do like to check everything a few times before I am finally satisfied with the result. And what’s more, I ALWAYS keep my word!…

Alicia: I adore meeting new people. And I just can’t stay in one place for long - so, a sitting job is definitely not my choice. To tell the truth, I am a born leader, so it’s a great pleasure for me to organise someone and I am absolutely aimed at getting up on the career ladder, and I’m not afraid of taking a risk!

Catherine: I like to share what I have with others, and I’m always looking for something new: new ideas, new impressions and so on. But at the same time I am not the one to just believe what I’m told - no way. And I’m not up to any sudden decisions or movements, I believe a person must understand what and why they do…

Unit 4

Lesson 3

Ex. 4

Does the Idiot Box Make Idiots?

We call it "the idiot box" and "the boob tube." People like to say that watching TV makes you stupid, but is it true?

If you took a genius and put them down in front of the idiot box, would they be any less smart by the end of the day? What if they went through their childhood without watching a single show? And how would their intelligence compare to that of other geniuses who had spent their whole lives tied onto the boob tube?

But what do the scientists say?

Researchers started studying this question in the late 1940s, when television became a popular thing in the home.

According to pediatricians, for children 2 years old and younger it can in fact delay development. Interacting and playing with others, and active participation are the things children should be doing but aren't when they're parked in front of the boob tube.

Research has shown that high-quality shows can improve children's learning abilities. When 500 kids who had participated in studies were contacted later as teenagers, researchers found that those who had watched educational programs before school had better grades, read more books, and were more creative than those who hadn't.

So, a short answer is: it depends on what you watch and for how long. For school-aged children, a little educational TV goes a long way.

Adapted from https://reelrundown.com

Lesson 6

Ex. 4

Ed. Hi, there! Nice to hear you today.

Polina. Hi, how are you doing?

Ed. I’ m just fine. Listening to my favourite band at the moment.

Polina. CD?

Ed. No, radio, we’ve got a very nice station broadcasting old rock hits 24/7. It’s just amazing!

Polina. I think we have something like that, too. Old rock and the stuff… A friend of mine is crazy about that, you know.

Ed. Wow, I thought you had no radio over there in Ukraine… Just kidding!

Polina. How can you! We got hundreds of stations over here! News, current events, talks, all types of music - everything!

Ed. Just the same as we have! All my friends keep walking phones in ears all the time. And yours?

Polina. Not that much. Rather mp3’s on their smartphones. It’s those same ads and news every half an hour that we can’t stand!

Ed. You, too, have those? Well, then we’re practically the same…

Unit 5

Lesson 3

Ex. 3

His name was Fleming, and he was a poor Scottish farmer. One day, while trying to earn a living for his family, he heard a cry for help coming from a nearby bog. He dropped his tools and ran to the bog. There, in black mud, was a scared boy, screaming and struggling to free himself. Farmer Fleming saved the boy from what could become a slow and terrifying death.

The next day, a fancy carriage drove up to the Scotsman's house. An elegantly dressed man stepped out and introduced himself as the father of the boy Farmer Fleming had saved.

"I want to repay you," said the man. "You saved my son's life."

"No, I can't accept payment for what I did," the Scottish farmer replied. At that moment, the farmer's own son came to the door of the family house.

"Is that your son?" the man asked.

"Yes," the farmer replied proudly.

"I'll make you a deal. Let me take him and give him a good education. If the guy is anything like his father, he'll grow to a man you can be proud of."

And that he did. In time, Farmer Fleming's son graduated from St. Mary's Hospital Medical School in London, and went on to become known throughout the world as Sir Alexander Fleming, the discoverer of Penicillin. The name of the nobleman? Lord Randolph Churchill. His son's name? Sir Winston Churchill.

Unit 6

Lesson 3

Ex. 5

Our planet is facing a terrible environmental crisis, and unless we address the issue seriously we are surely doomed for disaster.

Oil spill, acid rain, urban runoff in the water; gases and toxins from industries in the air; industrial and household waste in the soil - the pollution brought by humans needs millions of years to compensate.

Human practices result in global warming and climate change rising air temperatures and sea levels, melting polar ice caps, bringing floods and excessive snowfalls.

An excessive amount of waste is produced by developed countries and dumped in the soil, oceans and less developed countries, to say nothing of nuclear waste.

Million-year-old balanced eco systems are about to die because of humans. Like, developing of large cities killing the natural flora and fauna around and the destruction of coral reefs in oceans, which support the rich sea life.

Our forests are natural consumers of carbon dioxide and producers of oxygen as well as regulators of temperature and rainfall. Every year, a country of Panama of tree cover disappears because of human activities.

The ozone layer is an invisible protection around the planet to prevent the earth from harmful radiation. Toxic gases cause holes in the ozone layer, the biggest of which is above the Antarctic. Also, releasing toxins into the atmosphere results in acid rains damaging human health, plants and wildlife.

The growing population needs resources like water, fuel and food. Intensive agriculture damages the environment through chemicals, and genetic modification of food can bring serious environmental and health problems as engineered genes may be toxic to humans and wildlife.

Unit 7

Lesson 3

Ex. 3

It's little wonder London is one of the world's top tourist destinations, attracting about 15 million visitors each and every year.

Once the world's largest city, London is still a huge place to confuse a newcomer if it's your first visit. Even if you speak English fluently you can only learn how to pronounce place names like 'Greenwich' 'Leicester Square' and 'Chomondeley Place' by example.

London was founded by the Romans more than 2000 years ago. The locals assimilated Roman culture, and after a couple of hundred years they were more Roman than the Romans. When the Romans left, the Saxons came. They hated living in the Roman city and put up their own city of long huts. This duality still exists - London is in fact two cities: the 'City' which was Roman Londinium, and 'Westminster' - the Saxon add-on.

For all intents and purposes the West End (everything to the West of the City) is now the centre of London, and the East End is traditionally a poor working class and industrial area, currently changing for the better.

London also boasts one of the planet's greatest concentrations of cultural attractions. From royal palaces to the people's parliament, from Roman ruins to castles and cathedrals, you could spend endless days exploring London's sites without ever running out of unique things to see.